sohuckman



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. P. SCHUCKMAN.

WINDMILL.

No. 359.818. Patented Mar. 22, 1887.

f H v- W I; My u .fixwr.

N4 PEEER5 Plmmuuw n her, Washington. 0. C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Mar. 22,'l887.

(No Model.)

J; P. SOHUOKMAN.

WINDMILL.

W Quinn 3 UNITED STATES PATENT Erica JOHN-P. SCHUCKMAN, OF OREARVILLE,MISSOURI.

WINDMILL,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 359,818, dated March22, 1887.

Serial No. 210,433. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN P. SCHUCKMAN, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Orearville, in the county of Saline and State ofMissouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inWindmills; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being badto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to windmills of that class in which the wheelrevolves in a vertical plane; and it has for its object to devise aconstruction by which the wheel may be low down on the frame or tower,and be protected from the force of the wind both in front and from therear; to combine therewith a side vane or regulator for varying thespeed of the mill independent of the force of the wind and the load; tocombine with the tail-vane a gage for automatically throwing the wheelout of the wind, and to improve the turn-table, whereby the use ofalarge wheel is practicable without the use of a cumbersome and heavytower.

A further object is to improve the general structure, whereby theefficiency and dura bility of the engine is increased and the latterless liable to get out of repair.

The invention consists in the novel features more fully hereinafter setforth, claimed, and shown in the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 isa side view, parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a rear view. Fig. 3 is a planview. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views. Fig. 6 is aplan view, parts brokenaway, of the tank and the tripping attachment. Fig. 7 is a detail Viewof the tripping attachment on an enlarged scale.

The tower comprises corner-posts A, snit-abl y braced by crossslats A.The upper ends of the posts support a ring, B, which is secured theretoby short plates B, bolted to the posts at the lower ends and to the ringat the upper ends. An annular flange projectsinward from the upper andlower edges of thering, and may be integral therewith or separate andbolted thereto. The lower flange, b, forms the track or support for theturn-table G, and the upper flange, 1), serves the double purpose ofholding the turntable from vertical displacement or canting,and also asa shield to protect its travelers or rollers c from sleet, rain, or

snow.

The turn-table consists of a flat annular casting having its centralportion. removed to lessen the weight and give IOOlll for the pumprodand various operating-cords, and is pro vided at intervals with arms 0,upon which the rollers c are mounted. he arms are thicker than thecasting, and the excess of thickness is made to project on the underside,

thereby giving a ilat unbroken upper surface. 6

The casting may be a single piece or two or more pieces, as desired, inwhich latter case they will be united by the bolsters c, which formbearings for the shaft d of the wheels D, and which are mounted upon andsecured to theturn-table. A frame comprising side bars, E E, and endbar, E, is supported upon the bolsters,and have the vane F and regulatorG carried thereby. The side bars converge from the wheel toward thevane, and the end bar is secured to the under side of the divergentends, and forms an additional bearing for the wind wheel shaft (1.

' The wheel D is ofordinary construction,save that the middie portion isstrengthened by a metal ring, D, located on the rear and uniting theinner supports of the slats, which prevents the wheel giving whensubjected to the force of the wind from the rear. It revolves close tothe end bar, E'-, and buffer-blocks dfllos cated near each end of saidbar directly opposite the ring D, form the stays for the wheel when thepressure of the wind is from the front and forces it back upon saidbuffers. This operation will be readily understood when it is rememberedthat the wind oftentimes, espe cially when blowing a gale, bends theouter portion of the wheel to one side of the plane of its centralportion. The middle of the wheel is stayed by its rigid connection withthe wheel shaft. Consequently it is notliable to give 5 but the outerportion of the wheel is more flexible, owing to its greater distancefrom the central support,and gives under abnormal pressure, and in orderto prevent it giving so far I00 as to do injury the buffer-blocks arelocated as now to be described.

It will be noticed that the buffers are arranged at points diametricallyopposite the center of the wheel, and in such close proximity to thering D that aslight give or yield-.

ing of the wheel, when subjected to a high wind, will cause the ring tobear upon them,

and thus prevent a further giving and any serious damage being done.

The vane F. is of the usual construction,and

to the arm of the vane and passing over a. swiveled pulley, I, securedto the side bars,

E, has a weight, f, fastened to the lower end for normally holding thewheel in the wind,as will be readily understood. The chain extendsthrough an opening, 0, in the turntable. The pulley I has a hood, 1',which protects it from sleet, snow, &c. The rear portion of the vane-armrests upon a guide-rail, J, which has its end bent upward at rightangles,forming the stop j, which limits the movements of the vane, so asto hold the wheel full in the wind. A second cord or chain, f", securedto the vane-arm and passed over a pulley, f near the front end of thebar E, eX-' tends downward within convenient reach to throw the wheelout of the wind, in a manner readily understood. This chain ispreferably held close to the pump-rod, which is made in two parts, K K,united by a. swivel coupling or joint, 7010. side of the part k of thecoupling, and out through a similar slot in the side of the other part,of the coupling. chain is prevented wrapping around. the rod during themovements of the turn-table.

The regulator consists of a vane, which .is adapted to extend from theside of the mill and extend at substantially right angles to the sh aftd of the wheel. The inner end is pivoted to an arm, 9, extending fromtheend bar, E, The outer end is adapted to be swung to and from the planeof the wheel in the are of a circle, so as to present more or lesssurface to the wind, and is held at any desired point bysuitable means,preferably by gravity-latch G engaging one-of a series of notches in theseg: ment J, which may be a continuation of the rail J, bent into an arcof a circle at this point, of which the pivotal point of the vane is thecenter.

The gravity-latch can be operated from the ground by means of the ropeor chain g,which is secured thereto at one end, passed through a keeperon the vane-arm, thence over a pulley, g, on the bar E, and down withinconvenient reach. A spring, G, fastened at one end to the vane-arm andat the other end to an adjustable clip, on an arm or rear exten- Itpasses through a slot in one By this means the.

sion of the guide-rail J, exerts a force to nor mally hold the regulatoror vane parallel with the wheel.

In operation, when it is desired to adjust the regulator, a pull ontherope or chain 9' will accomplish the desired result. Supposetheregulator is parallel with. the wheel, and it is desired to adjust it atan inclination thereto. The end of the chain 9 is grasped and pulledupon. The first pull disengages the latch from the, notch. Acontinuedpull moves the regulator around its pivot tillithe desiredposition is reached. If the chain is suddenly released, the latch willoperate and fall in the notch, thereby holding the regulator in place,as shown by dotted lines. is adjusted from the wheel and it is desiredto bring it closer thereto, the same may be accomplished by pulling uponthe chain, which will disengage the 1 latch from the segment, when, bylet-ting out on the chain, the spring G will draw the regulator towardthe wheel.

Vhen the desired point of adjustment is reached, the chain is suddenlyreleased, the latch engaging 'with the segment, as previously described.The regulator acts in opposition to the vane F to throw the wheel moreor less out of the wind, thereby regulating its speed. \Vhen it isparallel with the wheel,ithe wind has the greatest play thereupon, andconsequently forces the wheel at the greatest inclination to the wind,which, acting at an incline, exerts less power upon the wheel and drivesit at a less speed. The greater theangle between the regulator andwheel, the more the latter is brought full iuthe wind, and the WVhen theregulator speed is proportionatelyincreased, everything else consideredbeing equal.

The wheel may be automaticallythrown lOlllJ of the wind byat'tachingaweight,f", to the lower end of the rope or chain f", andsupport ing it upon a board, L, which is tripped, and 1 allows theweightfflwhich is heavier than the weight f, to overbalance the latterand throw the engine out of gear. The board is hinged. at one side tothe frame of the tower, and is IIO supported at its other in ahorizontal position by a latch, Z, to which one end of arope,chain,

or wire, Z, is secured, the other end. being con;

nected to a weighted lever, M, which is normally held in a horizontalposition upon the i topof a tube or guide, M, through which the i stem mof a float, m, works.

The endof the stem is beveled on the side adjacent the lever, so thatthe latter may have i a purchase upon the end of the tube or guide;

but when it (the stem) rises the free end of the i lever will be movedlaterally and pushed off from the guide, and, gravitating,will turn thelever on its pivot and draw the latch, which by the lever is free tohave a vertical movement, as shown by dotted lines in Fig.1.

The stem m rests upon the bottom of a reservoir or tank, N, and thefloat m is adjustably secured thereto at any desired level, so that whenthe water which is supplied thereto from the pump reaches the float thelatter, rising, will lift the stem and effect the throwing of the engineout of gear in the manner just set forth.

The arms of the regulator and vane may be of any suitable material,although ordinary tubing, such as gas-pipe, is preferred, owing to itsstrength and lightness.

The shaft (1 of the windwheel may impart a reciprocating motion to thepump-rod in the usual manner, in which case it will be provided with thecrank in the ordinary way, as shown by full lines, Figs. 1, 2, and 3;orit may impart a rotary motion, in which case the wheel'shaft will beprovided with a bevelpinion on the pump-rod, as shown by dotted lines inFig. 1, and the chain f will have to be disconnected from the pump-rod.This change will not alter or affect the vital prin ciples of myinvention, butis simply mentioned to show that the pump-rod may receivea rotary or reciproca-tory motion, as desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. The combination, with the wind-wheel and the vane for holding thewheel in the wind, of an adjustable regulator for varying the speed ofthe wind-engine, consisting ofa vane extending to one side of the wheeland adjustable to and from the plane of the wheel, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a wind-engine, the combination, with an adjustable regulator, forthe purposes set forth, and a spring normally holding it in place, of anotched segment, a latch, and a rope or chain connected with the latchand extending within convenient reach, substan tially as and for thepurpose described.

3. The combination,with the wheel, the shaft, and the vane set to oneside, of a regulator set to the opposite side of said vertical plane ofthe shaft and projecting at substantially right angles to the vane andacting in opposition thereto, and adjustable to and from the plane ofthe wheel in the arc of a circle, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination of the frame, the wheel, the pivoted vane andregulator, the guide-rail bent at its end, forming a stop for the vane,and having a portion formed in the arc of a circle concentric with thepivot of the regulator and notched, and a latch secured to the regulatorand adapted to engage one of the notches, substantially as described,and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the wheel and weighted vane, of a rope or chainconnected with the vane, passed over apulleyand weighted to overcome theforce of the weight holding the vane in the wind, a movable support forthe overbalancing weight, a catch, a weighted lever connected with thecatch, and a float for tripping the lever, whereby the catch is drawnand the support moved to precipitate the weight and throw the engine outof gear, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the tower, the ring having flanges projectinginwardly from its top and bottom edges, secured to the top of the tower,the turn-table composed of two parts, each part having rollers travelingin the space between the flanges and supporting said turntable, thebolsters uniting the parts of the turn-table, the wheel-shaft mounted inthe bolsters, the frame comprising the end and side bars, and the vaneand regulator supported upon the frame, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN P. SOHUOKMAN.

Witnesses:

HENRY C. IYIEAD, PETER SHEER.

